To ensure quality for our reviews, only customers who have downloaded this resource can review it. Find support for a specific problem in the support section of our website. Tortoli, E.; Kohl, T.A. Cara has taught in a range of secondary schools across the South West of England before joining the team at SME. IBO was not involved in the production of, and does not endorse, the resources created by Save My Exams. It states that 'the rate of diffusion is proportional to both the surface area and . ; Veloci, S.; Pistolesi, M.; Rossolini, G.M. Emended description of, Johansen, M.D. ; project administration, M.R.P. Randomised phase II trial of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (DOXIL/CAELYX) versus doxorubicin in the treatment of advanced or metastatic soft tissue sarcoma. Phage therapy of. ; Bocca, A.L. Something went wrong, please try again later. Li, B.; Zhang, Y.; Guo, Q.; He, S.; Fan, J.; Xu, L.; Zhang, Z.; Wu, W.; Chu, H. Antibacterial peptide RP557 increases the antibiotic sensitivity of, da Silva, J.L. ; Schwartz, E.F.; Kipnis, A.; Junqueira-Kipnis, A.P. ; Bilton, D.; Corris, P.; Gibson, R.L. When both parents are carriers, there is a one in four chance of having a child with CF, a one in two chance of having a child who is a carrier and a one in four chance of having an unaffected child. Disclaimer/Publishers Note: The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely What type of allele causes cystic fibrosis? [, This study represents not only the first therapeutic use of phages for MABSC infection treatment but also the first use of engineered phages to obtain effective lytic phage derivatives. Cystic fibrosis: A clinical view. ; Ortega-Rivera, O.A. When this happens, the persons body can't process or absorb nutrients properly, especially fats. Cystic Fibrosis, or CF, is the most common inherited disease of northern Europeans and white North Americans. Recent advances on antimicrobial wound dressing: A review. However, the potential for impairment of essential immune functions by HIF-1 (hypoxia-inducible factor 1) inhibition demands a better comprehension of downstream hypoxia-dependent pathways that are amenable for manipulation. Simoes, D.; Miguel, S.P. Martin, A.; Bouyakoub, Y.; Soumillion, K.; Mantu, E.O.N. There's more than one qualification for this subject. Going through the ppt I recognised your style from some revision materials I purchased some time back which were also very good. The 20 lesson PowerPoints and accompanying resources contain a wide range of activities which cover the following topic 2 specification points: [, Therefore, being as this preliminary evidence very promising, it is advisable to continue to study the use of NO as an alternative strategy to treat, Phage therapy (PT) represents an old idea which has acquired renewed importance thanks to the successful recent case reports, where antibiotic-resistant lung infections in CF people were treated [, PT refers to the use of phages to fight bacterial infections. Spallanzani, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy. ; van Duin, D.; et al. * Mutations give rise to disorders but many mutations have no observable effect ; Wallin, W.A. This leads into the section of the lesson which considers the inheritance of cystic fibrosis in an autosomal recessive manner and then focuses on the change in the primary structure of the channel which results from one of over 1500 different gene mutations. Use of bacteriophages in the treatment of colistin-only-sensitive, Schooley, R.T.; Biswas, B.; Gill, J.J.; Hernandez-Morales, A.; Lancaster, J.; Lessor, L.; Barr, J.J.; Reed, S.L. most exciting work published in the various research areas of the journal. Then determine whether each is a need or a want. This topic considers the following biological principles through the context of the genetic disease cystic fibrosis: the properties of and transport of materials, across cell membranes and gas exchange surfaces, DNA structure and replication, protein synthesis, enzymes and monohybrid inheritance through the context of the genetic disease cystic * Enzymes are biological catalysts that reduce activation energy Thank you for such detailed feedback and really pleased to hear that this is the second time you've purchased some of my resources and been very happy! * The movement of free water molecules by osmosis ; Silva, O.N. ; Gupta, S.; Olivier, K.N. 2.9 (ii): Know how complementary base pairing and the hydrogen bonding between two complementary strands are involved in the formation of the DNA double helix It follows that the level of knowledge required to understand the mechanism of action of VFs in the pathogenesis process must be high, whereas in many cases this knowledge is lacking. Cystic fibrosis also affects the digestive system. ; Chen, Y.; Huang, P.; Tong, J.; Naren, A.P. For Opportunities for developing mathematical skills within this topic include calculating areas of circumferences and areas of circles, surface areas and volumes of rectangular blocks and spheres, using ratios, fractions and percentages, plotting two variables from experimental or other data, determining the slope and intercepts of a linear graph, understand that y=mx+c represents a linear relationship, drawing and using the slope of a tangent to a curve as a measurement of rate of change, understanding simple probability and completing a statistical test. If these infections are not treated early and properly, they can be very difficult to treat or even cause death [5]. * The movement across membranes by passive and active transport The main focus of the lesson is the CFTR gene and the functions of the ion channel that is synthesised when this gene is expressed. 2.6 (i): Understand the process of protein synthesis (transcription) including the role of RNA polymerase, translation, messenger RNA, transfer RNA, ribosomes and the role of start and stop codons Again, the students are guided through the events that lead to the depletion of the apical surface liquid and the cilia being unable to move the viscous mucus. Ribet, D.; Cossart, P. How bacterial pathogens colonize their hosts and invade deeper tissues. !_]E8q2=>kXx&f. ; Ogbonna, D.; Ferro, B.E. ; Huang, K.H. In this context, drugs already used against, To date, there is not a consolidated standard drug regimen to treat MABSC infections, although the US Cystic Fibrosis Foundation and the European Cystic Fibrosis Society published consensus recommendations for the management of NTM in patients with CF [. Kortright, K.E. * The properties of gas exchange surfaces in living organisms Tes Global Ltd is A bundle is a package of resources grouped together to teach a particular topic, or a series of lessons, in one place. Effects of Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor therapy on CFTR function in patients with cystic fibrosis and one or two F508del alleles. Another strength of AVT is that this approach should keep the host microbiota healthy, lacking the undesirable side effects typical of antibiotic therapy [, Some limitations in the use of AVT are, however, to be expected. J. Mol. ; Lutfalla, G.; Kremer, L. Wang, C.H. Antimicrobial peptides: Pore formers or metabolic inhibitors in bacteria? When the CFTR protein is defective, epithelial cells can't regulate the way chloride passes across cell membranes. One mutation causes a change in the primary structure of CFTR, a membrane transport protein. Posted 11:31:53 AM. 2.6 (ii): Understand the roles of the DNA template (antisense) strand in transcription, codons on messenger RNA and anticodons on transfer RNA This lesson describes how the expression of a gene mutation impairs the functioning of the organ systems in people with cystic fibrosis. * The basic structure of mononucleotides This leads into the section of the lesson which considers the inheritance of cystic fibrosis in an autosomal recessive manner and then focuses on the change in the primary structure of the channel which results from one of over 1500 different gene mutations. Department of Biology and Biotechnology L. CFTR transports chloride ions (Cl. ) ; Ford, K.; Harris, K.; Gilmour, K.C. See further details. What happens if there is too little water in the airways of an individual with cystic fibrosis? In fact, alongside symptom therapy, personalized therapies are now starting to treat the basic defect in some CFTR mutations [, Thanks to scientific research, new therapeutic approaches have indeed emerged that can correct the defects underlying CF. Use of artificial intelligence in the design of small peptide antibiotics effective against a broad spectrum of highly antibiotic-resistant superbugs. ; Naehrlich, L.; Stahl, M.; Rohrbach, A.; Drescher, M.; Minso, R.; Ringshausen, F.C. Your rating is required to reflect your happiness. The main focus of the lesson is the CFTR gene and the functions of the ion channel that is synthesised when this gene is expressed. Chan, B.K. ; Chen, A.; Sack, M.; Pokorski, J.K.; et al. Judson, I.; Radford, J.A. Fick's Law describes the relationship between the rate of diffusion and the three factors that affect diffusion. Antivirulence compounds: A future direction to overcome antibiotic resistance? ; Ivanova, K.; Tang, W.L. All of the questions included in the lesson have mark schemes which are embedded into the PowerPoint and this allows the students to assess their progress. Due to the detail included in each of these lessons, it is estimated that it will take in excess of 2 months of allocated teaching time to cover the content. ; Switzer, B.; Hoke, T.; Moran, D.; Narayanasamy, P. In vitro efficacy of free and nanoparticle formulations of gallium(III) meso-tetraphenylporphyrine against. ; Degiacomi, G.; Chiarelli, L.R. It gets its name from a fibrous cyst that appears in the pancreas. Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder of cell membranes caused by a recessive allele of the CFTR ( C ystic F ibrosis T ransmembrane Conductance R egulator) gene located on chromosome 7 This gene codes for the production of chloride ion channels required for secretion of sweat, mucus and digestive juices Ubonodin is a lasso peptide with promising activity against Bcc species, working by . Antimicrobial properties of, Bogdanovski, K.; Chau, T.; Robinson, C.J. Physics Aqa Empa 2018 Paper corgov de. Energy Flow, Ecosystems & the Environment, 5.3 Photosynthesis: Light-Dependent Stage, 5.4 Photosynthesis: Light-Independent Stage, 5.7 Separation of Photosynthetic Pigments with Chromatography, 5.8 Core Practical 10: Rate of Photosynthesis, 5.14 Core Practical 11: Quadrat & Transect Study, 5.18 Carbon Cycle & Environmental Management, 5.19 Models for Predicting Climate Change, 5.21 The Effect of Temperature on Enzyme Reactions, 5.22 Core Practical 12: Effect of Temperature on Development, 5.23 Mutation, Natural Selection & Evolution, 5.25 Contentious Issues in Environmental Science, 5.26 Examples of Sustainable Conservation, 6.2 Measuring the Growth of Microorganisms, 6.4 Core Practical 13: Rate of Growth of Microorganisms, 6.5 Comparison of Bacterial & Viral Structure, 6.12 Pathogens vs Hosts: An Evolutionary Race, 6.14 Core Practical 14: The Effects of Different Antibiotics, 6.20 Types of Data Provided by Forensic Analysis, 7. - 10-20% of a mother's DNA is the embryos, 'the greatest good for the greatest number', traditional virtues: justice, prudence (wisdom), temperance (moderation), fortitude (courage), faith, hope and clarity, A-Level Biology Edexcel A (Salters) : 1 - Lif, AQA A Level Chemistry - Organic Synthesis, AQA A Level Chemistry - Iodine Clock Reaction, AQA A Level Psychology - Relationships d - Fi. Conditions. In CF, the inherited CF gene directs the body's epithelial cells to produce a defective form of a protein called. Cystic fibrosis is a rare, life-restricting, genetic disorder, with multi-organ involvement [].Due to a defect in the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) gene, approximately 70,000-100,000 patients worldwide currently suffer a wide range of symptoms [1,2].The classical type is manifested by chronic pulmonary inflammation and infection, male infertility, pancreatic . If you want to see what we offer before purchasing, we have a free membership with sample revision materials. * Intracellular and extracellular enzymes 2.5 (i): Know the basic structure of mononucleotides (deoxyribose or ribose linked to a phosphate and a base, including thymine, uracil, cytosine, adenine or guanine) and the structures of DNA and RNA (polynucleotides composed of mononucleotides linked through condensation reactions) I have come to the end of my case study hope you enjoyed it, thank you. Antimicrobial reactive oxygen and nitrogen species: Concepts and controversies. ; Zelazny, A.M. Antimicrobial peptides against drug resistant, Trentini, M.M. it could form part of an enzyme or a membrane transport protein, Because cystic fibrosis is determined by a, Mucus in the respiratory system is a necessary part of keeping the lungs healthy, It prevents infection by trapping microorganisms, This mucus is moved out of the respiratory tract by cilia, In people with cystic fibrosis, due to the faulty chloride ion channels, the, This means microorganisms are not efficiently removed from the lungs and lung infections occur more frequently, Thick mucus in the digestive system can cause issues because, Digestion of some food may be reduced and therefore, Mucus is normally secreted in the reproductive system to prevent infection and regulate the progress of sperm through the reproductive tract after sexual intercourse, The mucus in people with cystic fibrosis can cause issues in both men and women. Tes Global Ltd is ; Barnes, P.J. This should not allow drug resistance to develop [, The horizontal gene transfer and the consequent transmission of resistance genes should not be an issue in AVT, in fact, most VFs are present in a few closely related species. 2.7: Understand the nature of the genetic code Int. ; Santos, B.P. ; Su, V.C.H. Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. ; Griffith, D.E. ), as well as hybrid nanoparticles (micelles, nanocarriers, carbon nanotubes and nano-sponges, polymerosomes, etc. ; Lima, L.D. * A gene as a sequence of bases on DNA that codes for a sequence of amino acids 30 terms. * A gene is a sequence of bases on DNA that codes for the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide Edexcel GCE Biology Advanced Subsidiary Unit 1: Lifestyle, Transport, Genes and Health Tuesday 12 January 2010 - Morning Time: 1 hour 30 minutes . 2.15 (ii): Understand patterns of inheritance, including the interpretation of genetic pedigree diagrams, in the context of monohybrid inheritance An official ATS/IDSA statement: Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of nontuberculous mycobacterial diseases. Conditions. ; Wallace, R.J., Jr. A novel gene, erm(41), confers inducible macrolide resistance to clinical isolates of. In order to be human-readable, please install an RSS reader. - cells from the chorionic villi collect through the abdomen with a needle or through the vagina with a catheter, Non-Invasive Prenatal Diagnosis 2.10 (i): Understand the process of DNA replication, including the role of DNA polymerase First assessment: 2016. It affects about 1 person in 2000. Due to the detail included in all of these lessons, it is estimated that it will take in excess of 2 months of allocated A-level teaching time to complete the teaching of the bundle Your rating is required to reflect your happiness. When a CFTR protein with the delta F508 mutation reaches the ER, the quality-control mechanism of this cellular component recognises that the protein is folded incorrectly and marks the defective protein for degradation. As well as explaining that this channel allows chloride ions to flow across the apical membrane of the epithelial cells, time is taken to emphasise the importance of its inhibition on the ENaC, which prevents the flow of sodium ions back into the cells. 2.15 (iii): Understand sex linkage on the X chromosome, including red-green colour blindness in humans Development and use of personalized bacteriophage-based therapeutic cocktails to treat a patient with a disseminated resistant. The Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) is a group of bacteria including opportunistic human pathogens. Miller, C.; McMullin, B.; Ghaffari, A.; Stenzler, A.; Pick, N.; Roscoe, D.; Ghahary, A.; Road, J.; Av-Gay, Y. Gaseous nitric oxide bactericidal activity retained during intermittent high-dose short duration exposure. 3.9 (i): Know that a locus is the location of genes on a chromosome In each cell in our bodies we have 22 pairs of chromosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes. Our customer service team will review your report and will be in touch. * The process of DNA replication This lesson bundle contains 16 lessons which have been designed to cover the Edexcel International A-level Biology specification points which focus on the structure of DNA and RNA, their roles in replication and protein synthesis, and genetics and inheritance. Active transport, endocytosis & exocytosis (Edexcel A-level Biology A) Some of the key biological topics are covered in topic 2 of the Pearson Edexcel A-level Biology A (Salters Nuffield) course and include the transport of materials across cell membranes, DNA structure and replication, protein synthesis and monohybrid inheritance. As you can see the percentage is falling. ; supervision, M.R.P. ; Lucidi, V.; et al. First teaching: 2015 2.15 i) Understand the uses of genetic screening, including the identification of . My arguments against the abortion of a cystic fibrosis child are that children with the disease should be allowed to live because they wont have a long live and they should be taken care from professionals. Smaller fleas ad infinitum: Therapeutic bacteriophage redux. r)>62}OkGS5M>E5NxAP$~xmL4JxUE1q\f" What happens if there is excess water in an unaffected person's airways? Shedding X-ray light on the role of magnesium in the activity of. - Higher level of the protein trypsinogen in the blood - Newborn Blood Spot Screening Programme, - Carrier testing offered to those with a family history of CF Make a quick list of five to ten clothing items that you've thought about owning. Edexcel A-Level Biology alevelbiology.co.uk Topic 2: Genes and Health SPECIFICATION . Conceptualization, G.D. and M.R.P. These enzymes break down the fat. ; Cristinziano, M.; Freeman, K.G. If you have cystic fibrosis, this mucus is excessively thick and sticky and cannot perform this role properly. Kutateladze, M.; Adamia, R. Bacteriophages as potential new therapeutics to replace or supplement antibiotics. Di, A.; Brown, M.E. - Informed decision of whether to carry out prenatal testing, - Emotional stress and affect ability to find a partner ; Sangen, J.; Wuest, A.W. For more information, please refer to Editors select a small number of articles recently published in the journal that they believe will be particularly registered in England (Company No 02017289) with its registered office at Building 3, US Cystic Fibrosis Foundation and European Cystic Fibrosis Society consensus recommendations for the management of non-tuberculous mycobacteria in individuals with cystic fibrosis. positive feedback from the reviewers. ions across the membranes of cells in the lungs, liver, pancreas, digestive tract, reproductive tract, and skin. Buroni, S.; Chiarelli, L.R. As a result, delta F508 never reaches the cell membrane. Evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of the mastoparan Polybia-MPII isolated from venom of the social wasp. Edexcel A Level Biology 2d - Cystic Fibrosis. Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic condition that affects a protein in the body. Fast expert advice. The aim is to provide a snapshot of some of the The cystic fibrosis patients are normally between 10 and 20. We are very short of teaching time so I will abbreviate it but still keep the logical steps which are very well put. ; Herrmann, J.L. What are the 2 types of epithelial cells? ; Soothill, J.; Jacobs-Sera, D.; Schooley, R.T.; et al. The Cystic Fibrosis Foundation is a leading healthcare nonprofit organization like no other. 1) Excess water detected by the epithelial cell membrane. * Understand how the expression of a gene mutation in people with cystic fibrosis impairs the functioning of the gaseous exchange, digestive and reproductive systems - Further stress if other genetic abnormalities found ; Carrasco-Anton, N.; Esteban, J. Cystic fibrosis makes peoples lifes harder because it not curable at the moment, you can use medication to stop the pain of Cystic Fibrosis. ; Aksamit, T.; Brown-Elliott, B.A. Cara is passionate about Biology and creating resources that bring the subject alive and deepen students' understanding, Gene duplication is an important mechanism by which, This gene codes for the production of chloride ion channels required for secretion of sweat, mucus and digestive juices, A mutation in the CFTR gene leads to production of, The result is that the body produces large amounts of, The CFTR gene is large and a mutation in any part of the gene can cause cystic fibrosis, Around 1000 different mutations that can lead to cystic fibrosis have been identified, though some only occur very rarely, All of the mutations that cause cystic fibrosis are recessive, and can block airways which limits gas exchange. Of amino acids 30 terms England before joining the team at SME supplement.... 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